The oldest penguin in the world lives in Gdańsk. A symbol of the survival of an endangered species

<br>The Cape penguin named Grandpa, who recently celebrated his 33rd birthday in Gdańsk, is the oldest known penguin of this species in the world. Despite his advanced age, he serves not only as proof of longevity in zoological care but also as a reminder of the ongoing threat to Cape penguins. This remarkable bird is a symbol of conservation for a species on the brink of extinction.

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31 january 2025   |   12:11   |   Source: Gazeta Morska   |   Prepared by: Kamil Kusier   |   Print

fot. Gdański Ogród Zoologiczny

The future of the Cape Penguin. A story of survival and conservation

The Cape penguin (Spheniscus demersus) inhabits the coasts of South Africa, living in colonies, though its population has been declining due to numerous threats. "Grandpa," who arrived in Gdańsk from Amsterdam in 1992, is a testament to the success of breeding this endangered species in zoological gardens. His story is not just one of longevity but also of perseverance and efforts to protect this unique group of birds.

Habitat and threats. What lies ahead for Cape Penguins?

The Cape penguin is an endemic species found up to 40 km off the coast of South Africa. It thrives in cold ocean waters, feeding mainly on fish between 50-120 mm in length, along with cephalopods, which are a crucial food source. Younger penguins primarily feed on fry. Their foraging activity at sea varies—they hunt alone, in pairs, or in groups of up to 150 individuals. On land, they remain mainly during breeding and molting seasons, which last about four months.

This species breeds year-round in nesting colonies. Historically, their nests were dug into guano or sand, but changing climate conditions now threaten them. Females typically lay two eggs, incubated by both parents for about 40 days. Penguins begin their first breeding attempts at 4-6 years of age.

Facing extinction: the role of Gdańsk Zoo in conservation

Cape penguins are critically endangered (CR) due to climate change, oil spills, and overfishing. Shifting ocean currents, driven by climate change, force fish to migrate away from nesting sites, making food access increasingly difficult. Rising ocean temperatures also lead to more frequent storms, which destroy nesting habitats.

Grandpa, as the oldest known representative of his species in Europe, serves as a powerful reminder of our responsibility to protect the planet and its wildlife. His life proves that with proper care and conservation efforts, zoological breeding programs can have a tangible impact. It is crucial to remember that Cape penguins, like all endangered species, deserve our attention and support in the fight for their survival.

At 33 years old, Grandpa is a living symbol of hope for this critically endangered species. He has even lived to see grandchildren and great-grandchildren, now residing in Wrocław and the Czech Republic. However, the future of his species still depends on our commitment to protecting the planet and its inhabitants.

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